Which entity issues Local Coverage Determinations (LCDs) within CMS?

• A. Medicare Administrative Contractor (MAC)
• B. Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) National Office
• C. Hospitals
• D. Beneficiary's physician

Answer: (A)

LCDs are local coverage policies created by Medicare Administrative Contractors to decide, for their geographic region, whether a service or item is reasonable and necessary for Medicare. The MACs review evidence and set coverage rules within their jurisdiction, giving them the authority to issue LCDs. These local determinations work alongside nationwide rules—the CMS National Office issues National Coverage Determinations that apply across the country. LCDs address coverage gaps or local practice patterns and must align with the national framework. Hospitals and a beneficiary’s physician don’t issue LCDs; they can influence coverage through documentation and requests, but the authority to issue LCDs lies with the MACs.